Connecting them at only one point. Cutting the ground plane under a mixed signal component Connecting them with capacitors. Segmenting the ground plane in a PCB such that there is only a narrow ...

Have you ever needed to power a 12-volt relay in a circuit but only had 6 or 9 volts available? This simple circuit will solve that problem. It allows 12-volt relays to be operated from 6 or 9 volts, ...

An RC circuit in series with the coil allows full-current turn-on for reliable relay operation, then reduces the current to save power. Fellow engineer Sanjay R. Chendvankar of Mumbai, India, recently ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. A most critical device in an optical networking system is the laser diode, since it’s responsible for converting the ...