GPS receivers must deal with measurements and models that have some degree of error, which gets propagated into the position solution. If the errors are systematically different for the different ...

Figure 1 shows that individual measurement values hover around a mean value and the difference between the mean value and true value is the systematic error of ...

This paper examines the effects of systematic and random errors in recall and of selection bias in case–control studies of mobile phone use and cancer. These sensitivity analyses are based on ...

This article discusses simple processes for addressing the random and systematic errors caused by the dead time in a gramma-ray spectrometer. It also explains the applicability of the livetime clock ...

Systematic errors are caused by defective parts like incorrectly adjusted optics or interfering influences such as a dirty light path, and can lead to measurement result deviation from the real value.