Abstract: Electric arcing in high voltage direct current (HVDC) relays is an undesirable phenomenon that many manufacturers seek to fully understand and control. In short circuit situations, the rapid ...
Abstract: This article focuses on the problem that the voltage recovery time of relay protection circuits in converter stations is too long under lightning surges. A surge protective device (SPD) in a ...
Overcurrent relays with inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristics are widely used in power systems to protect ...