Probing the vibration of atoms provides detailed information on local structure and bonding that define material properties.

How did the complexity of many organisms living today evolve from the simpler body plans of their ancestors? This is a central question in biology. Take our hands, for example: Every time we type a ...

Morningstar Quantitative Ratings for Stocks are generated using an algorithm that compares companies that are not under analyst coverage to peer companies that do receive analyst-driven ratings.

Real-world optimization problems often require an external “modeling engine” that computes fitnesses or data that are then input to an objective function. These programs often have much longer ...