Abstract: Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness quantum mechanical unpredictability to produce true randomness, which is crucial for cryptography and secure communications. Among various ...

Abstract: In the new generation of industrial intelligent systems, digital twin technology is a core method for simulating, predicting, and optimizing physical systems, relying on high- quality, ...

Background A more nuanced understanding of behavioural responses to incentives over time, particularly after they are removed, could guide more effective interventions. In this study, we build on the ...

For obvious reasons, it would be useful to predict when an earthquake is going to occur. It has long been suspected that large quakes in the Himalayas follow a fairly predictable cycle, but nature, as ...

Bayes' theorem is a statistical formula used to calculate conditional probability. Learn how it works, how to calculate it ...