When the FORTRAN programming language debuted in 1957, it transformed how scientists and engineers programmed computers. Complex calculations could suddenly be expressed in concise, math-like notation ...

An oft-mentioned advantage of ALGOL over FORTRAN is the recursion capability of the former. FORTRAN adherents often belittle this advantage by claiming that all recursive relations can be reduced to ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Amir is Founder of AI unicorn Avathon & Boeing/SC JV, SkyGrid. Recently, a friend asked me a question that's been floating around ...

This course teaches the basics of modern Fortran programming in astrophysics, version control with Git, debugging, and code parallelisation with OpenMP and MPI. no final exam, but two equally weighted ...

Ada, a programming language born in the late 70s, has managed to break into the top 10 of the TIOBE Index for July 2025. The sudden return of this old-timer has developers debating whether it’s a ...

ABSTRACT: We make more specific initial contributions of prior work w.r.t. Tokamaks, relic black holes, and a relationship between a massive graviton particle count and quantum number n, and also add ...

I’m not a programmer. But I’ve been creating my own software tools with help from artificial intelligence. Credit...Photo Illustration by Ben Denzer; Source Photographs by Sue Bernstein and Paul ...

Functional programming, as the name implies, is about functions. While functions are part of just about every programming paradigm, including JavaScript, a functional programmer has unique ...

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Callum is a seasoned gaming managing editor for a number of publications and a gamer who will always try to shine a spotlight on indie games before giving AAA titles the time of day. He loves nothing ...