Abstract: Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is an enabling technology to engineer the radio signal propagation in wireless networks. By smartly tuning the signal reflection via a large number of ...

Abstract: Paschen’s law (PL), derived based on the Townsend avalanche (TA) condition, is commonly used to predict gas breakdown. For microscale gaps near atmospheric pressure, TA is insufficient to ...

Discover how Merkle roots ensure data integrity in blockchain transactions and reduce verification time. Learn their role in ...