Abstract: This letter deals with the estimation of the refractive index of snowpack based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. By leveraging its ability to handle multidimensional ...

Abstract: Underwater images are characterized by low-quality, poor, and non-uniform illumination due to light absorption, scattering, and suspended particles. Enhancing these images is significant in ...

Keeping high-power particle accelerators at peak performance requires advanced and precise control systems. For example, the primary research machine at the U.S. Department of Energy's Thomas ...