Reverse polarity is one of the most common causes of circuit failure, from hobby projects to industrial systems. The good news is that a well-designed reverse polarity protection using MOSFET ...

Arduino test code is run to see if the sensors are working properly, with built-in LED flashing when the sensor is triggered, and turning off when the sensor is released. The testing of the keys ...

Abstract: The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has recently garnered significant interest due to its high efficiency, lightweight, and low life cycle cost, positioning it as a strong ...

Abstract: Universal dc fast chargers, capable of operating from either single-phase (1ϕ) or three-phase (3ϕ) grids, require a configurable, high power density ac-dc front-end which not only involves a ...