Abstract: Gradient-based bilevel optimization methods have been applied to a wide range of applications including hyper-parameter optimization, meta-learning, and model pruning. However, it is known ...

Abstract: Optimization plays a vital role in science and engineering. Nonlinear problems demand optimized solutions, traditional Algorithms fail to solvethese kinds of problems. A Recent trend is to ...

Algebra is a core part of mathematics that develops critical thinking and problem‑solving skills. Among its many topics, ...