The biopharmaceutical sector is transitioning from reactive off-line quality control to a proactive quality by design (QbD) framework. Process analytical technology (PAT) enables this shift through ...

Researchers have developed a new AI algorithm, called Torque Clustering, that significantly improves how AI systems independently learn and uncover patterns in data, without human guidance.

XRISM measurements map gas velocities in the Perseus and Virgo clusters, separating black hole-driven turbulence from merger-driven motion using high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy.

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is an optical technique that detects molecular bond vibrations and rotations upon absorption of infrared light. Because different chemical functional groups ...